Anticoncepción hormonal y COVID-19 / Hormonal contraception and COVID-19

La enfermedad producida por el nuevo coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 se identificó por primera vez en diciembre de 2019 en la ciudad de Wuhan, en la República Popular China, y en pocos meses se convirtió en una pandemia. Desde el comienzo ha sido un desafío mundial, que amenazó la salud pública y obligó a tomar medidas estrictas de aislamiento social. Como consecuencia de la emergencia sanitaria se ha producido una reducción importante de la actividad asistencial, que puso en riesgo el acceso y la continuidad de los métodos anticonceptivos, exponiendo a mujeres a embarazos no intencionales. Los derechos sexuales y reproductivos resultan esenciales y deben garantizarse siempre. (AU)

The disease caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 was identified for the first time in December 2019 in the city of Wuhan, in the People's Republic of China, and within a few months it became a pandemic. From the beginning, it has been a global challenge, threatening public health, having to take strict measures of social isolation. As a consequence of the health emergency, there has been a significant reduction in healthcare activity, putting access and continuity of contraceptive methods at risk, exposing women to unintended pregnancies. Sexual and reproductive rights are essential and must always be guaranteed. (AU)

Contracepção e desempenho na adolescente atleta / Contraception and performance in teenage athlete

Objetivos: Apresentar os métodos contraceptivos que melhor se adaptam à jovem atleta, correlacionar seus efeitos com possíveis alterações no desempenho atlético ou com os componentes da tríade da atleta (amenorreia, osteoporose e distúrbios alimentares). Método: Foi realizada ampla revisão da literatura, utilizando-se no Medline (PubMed), a estratégia de busca: ("Sports"[Mesh]) AND ("Contraceptive Agents" [Mesh] OR "Contraceptive Agents, Female" [Mesh] AND "Athletic Performance"[Majr])). Foram ainda consultadas as bases: Cochrane Library, SciELO, LILACS e o Google Scholar. Resultados: Somente um de 12 ensaios clínicos para avaliação da relação entre anticoncepção hormonal combinada oral (AHCO) e desempenho atlético sugeriu que o uso do método poderia alterar o desempenho de algumas atletas de elite. O uso contínuo ou estendido da pílula são os preferidos por permitir programar o ciclo menstrual, evitando que sintomas menstruais prejudiquem treinos, competições e viagens, além de prevenir a deficiência de ferro. Conclusões: O AHCO é o método mais usado entre as atletas, sendo o único estudado na literatura para avaliar desempenho atlético. Não foi evidenciada alteração na produção média de energia, composição corporal, frequência cardíaca, pico de captação do oxigênio e glicemia. A escolha do método contraceptivo deve ser sempre individualizada, havendo poucas restrições para adolescentes atletas, permitindo escolha pelo método e regime de administração mais adequado à rotina de vida destas jovens.(AU)

Objective: Introducing the contraceptive methods that are better adapted to the routine and lifestyle of a young athlete and correlate the effects of its use with possible changes in athletic performance or clinical components of the triad (amenorrhea, osteoporosis and eating disorders). Method: An extensive literature review was carried out in national and international digital media. To search in Medline (PubMed), we used the search strategy: (("Sports" [MeSH]) AND ("Contraceptive Agents" [MeSH] OR "Contraceptive Agents, Female" [MeSH] AND "Athletic Performance" [MAJR])). We also consulted SciELO, LILACS and the Google Scholar. Results: Only one study of the 12 clinical trials selected for evaluation of the relationship between oral combined hormonal contraceptives (OCHC) and athletic performance suggested that the use of the method could affect the performance of some elite athletes. The extended-cycle or continuous pill use are mainly preferred for allow programming the menstrual cycle, preventing menstrual symptoms affect training, competitions and travel, and to prevent iron deficiency. Conclusions: The OCHC is the most used method among athletes and it's the only studied in the literature that relates to athletic performance. A change in average production of energy, body composition, heart rate, peak oxygen uptake and glucose was not evidenced. The choice of contraceptive method must be individualized, with few restrictions for teen athletes, allowing the choice of the most appropriate for the routine of life of these young people.(AU)